IoT Technologies and Protocols

Communication Technologies

Short-range Wireless Communication

• Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)
• Li-Fi (Li-Fi)
• Near Field Communication (NFC)
• QR Codes and Barcode
• Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
• Thread Network Protocol
• Wi-Fi
• Wi-Fi Direct
• Z-Wave
• Zigbee
• ANT

Medium-range Wireless Communication

• Ha-Low
• LTE-Advanced
• 6LoWPAN
• Quick UDP Internet Connections

Long-range Wireless Communication

• Low-power Wide-area Networking (LPWAN)
• LoRaWAN
• Sigfox
• Neul
• Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT)
• Cellular
• MQTT
• NB-IoT

Wired Communication

• Ethernet
• Multimedia over Coax Alliance (MoCA)
• Power-line Communication (PLC)

System Software

IoT Operating Systems

• Windows 10 IoT
• Amazon FreeRTOS
• Fuchsia
• RIOT
• Ubuntu Core
• ARM Mbed OS
• Zephyr
• Embedded Linux
• Nuttx RTOS
• Integrity RTOS
• Tizen

Application Layer

IoT Application Protocols

• CoAP
• Edge
• LWM2M
• Physical Web
• XMPP
• Mhini/M3DA